3%硫糖铝局部制剂对比0.2%硝酸甘油软膏治疗慢性肛裂:双盲随机对照试验(Am J Gastroenterol)
单中心双盲随机对照试验纳入82例慢性肛裂成人患者,1:1分配接受3%硫糖铝局部制剂或0.2%硝酸甘油软膏,每日两次涂抹裂口。
单中心双盲随机对照试验纳入82例慢性肛裂成人患者,1:1分配接受3%硫糖铝局部制剂或0.2%硝酸甘油软膏,每日两次涂抹裂口。
一项单中心前瞻性研究纳入100例择期胰十二指肠切除术患者,评估术前EUS应变率(预设阈值≤2.5)预测术中胰腺质地的准确性:敏感度87.9%(95% CI 77.1-94.0),特异度83.3%(69.4-91.7),准确率86.0%,AUC 0.91(0.84-0.96)。
原文摘录:BACKGROUND: Donor hepatitis C virus (HCV) status was removed from the Kidney Donor Profile Index (KDPI) in October 2024 to better align the score with contemporary outcomes. … CONCLUSIONS: Removal of HCV from the KDPI equation has improved utilization of NAT - /Ab + kidneys, whereas NAT + kidneys continued to experience excess nonuse despite rising candidate willingness to accept HCV-exposed kidneys
III期随机对照试验ELSPIRE将92例对熊去氧胆酸应答不完全/不耐受、ALP>1至<1.67×ULN的原发性胆汁性胆管炎患者,双盲2:1随机至elafibranor 80 mg(n=62)或安慰剂(n=30)治疗52周。
Romik Srivastava等在Gastrointestinal Endoscopy发表多中心回顾性队列研究,纳入2014–2025年14家三级中心192例在≤15 mm肝外胆管内置入电灼增强LAMS行EUS-CDS的成人,95.3%为恶性胆道梗阻。
加拿大温哥华St Paul's医院的前瞻性队列纳入71例接受根治性切除并保留肠管连续性的直肠腺癌患者,其中42%(30/71)在治疗前即达到低位前切除综合征(LARS评分≥21)标准,随访结束时64%存在LARS;新发LARS与肿瘤位置更低相关(p=0.04)。
原文摘录:OBJECTIVE: To evaluate histologic cirrhosis regression after metabolic bariatric surgery (MBS) in patients with compensated metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) cirrhosis.
关注理由:这条消化与肝病资料涉及具体临床问题,研究人群、方法和结局指标可以结合原文进一步查看。
临床前研究显示,合成油酸衍生物2-羟基油酸(2-OHOA)在IFN-γ/TNF-α刺激的Caco-2单层和DSS诱导小鼠结肠炎模型中可减轻屏障功能障碍、炎症指标和组织损伤,同浓度/剂量油酸(OA)作用微弱。
一项前瞻性队列研究对20名计划行腹腔镜胆囊切除术的患者从术前基线至术后1、3、6、12个月随访,以16S rRNA基因测序分析粪便菌群,随访12个月完成。结果显示总体菌群多样性与群落结构仅轻度变化,但乳杆菌属在术后早期减少并持续保持较低水平;功能预测提示代谢通路仅有轻度改变,无参与者发生临床明显的胆囊切除术后腹泻。
原文摘录:OBJECTIVE: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is characterized by recurring gastrointestinal symptoms and substantial psychosocial burden. Despite the wide range of therapeutic options, no approach is consistently superior across patients. … However, the benefit of treatment allocation based on individual symptom dynamics, the validity of personalization approaches and the efficacy of EMDR in specific IBS subgroups represent distinct but intertwined questions that require further evaluation
关注理由:如果关注消化与肝病,这项随机对照研究的分组方式、主要终点和组间差异值得细读。
小鼠研究显示,Mrgprd全身或髓系特异性敲除可减轻葡聚糖硫酸钠(DSS)诱导的急性结肠炎,表现为结肠长度保留、病理评分降低、屏障完整性改善及M1巨噬细胞比例下降,其作用强于神经元特异性敲除;机制上MrgprD经NF-κB信号促进结肠巨噬细胞促炎极化,生物信息分析支持MRGPRD-NF-κB轴与人类IBD相关。
原文摘录:Plant protein nanoparticles represent promising oral carriers for hydrophobic bioactives in functional foods, yet their poor dispersibility and gastrointestinal instability limit delivery efficacy. … Collectively, Maillard-induced MD conjugation generated a protein-core/carbohydrate-shell nanoarchitecture that enhanced PTE stability, gastrointestinal performance, and oral bioavailability
常州第二人民医院创伤中心2020–2024年回顾性队列纳入120例外伤性肝破裂合并中央胆管损伤(CBDI)患者,比较早期(≤72小时,62例)与延迟/按需(>72小时,58例)ERCP。