马达加斯加家禽业抗生素管理挑战：非正规性、认知缺口与市场约束的定性研究
一项定性研究于2023年4月在马达加斯加家禽密度最高的Analamanga地区开展，对79名养殖户（13户散养、66户半集约化）、10名动物卫生专业人员及10名兽药药店销售者进行半结构化访谈，采用主题分析探讨抗生素使用（ABU）的驱动因素。
#感染性疾病
PubMed · PLoS ONE STAT · 医学与生命科学新闻 美国威斯康星州报告一名婴儿感染麻疹后死亡，为该州36年来首例麻疹死亡
美国威斯康星州卫生服务部周四宣布，该州西南部一名婴儿感染麻疹后死亡，为该州36年来即1990年以来的首例麻疹死亡。出于保护家庭隐私，官方未说明死亡发生的地点，也未提供其他细节。婴儿的感染来源、疫苗接种情况等信息原文均未给出，事件属群体层面的公共卫生通报。
EMA · What's New 欧洲药品管理局CVMP对犬用四联抗寄生虫咀嚼片Credelio Quattro采纳正面意见，推荐授予上市许可
欧洲药品管理局兽药委员会（CVMP）于2026年11月5日对Elanco GmbH申请的犬用咀嚼片Credelio Quattro（lotilaner/moxidectin/pyrantel/praziquantel）采纳正面意见，认为效益-风险平衡有利，推荐授予上市许可。
WHO · Disease Outbreak News OData 感染病学：Yellow fever - WHO African Region
原文摘录：See all DONs related to this event Read more about Yellow fever Situation at a glance Yellow fever transmission continues in the WHO African Region, with recent outbreak activity concentrated in parts of West Africa. … item/2026-DON624
EMA · What's New 感染病学：Human medicines European public assessment report (EPAR): Comirnaty, COVID-19 mRNA vaccine, Date of authorisation: 21/12/2020, Revision: 64, Status: Authorised
原文摘录：Comirnaty RSS Authorised This medicine is authorised for use in the European Union COVID-19 mRNA vaccine Medicine Human Authorised Rolling review Application under evaluation CHMP opinion European Commission decision Overview Comirnaty is a vaccine for pr … 5-containing Covid-19 mRNA vaccines in the Nordic countries - post-authorisation study A Non-Interventional Post-Authorization Safety Study (PASS) for Active Safety Surveillance of Recipients of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 mRNA vaccine in the EU - post-authorisation study Real-world effectiveness of different COVID-19 vaccines in Spain: a cohort study based on public electronic health records (BIFAP) (effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines in Spain) - post-authorisation study This page was last updated on 06/11/2026
EMA · What's New 感染病学：Human medicines European public assessment report (EPAR): Entyvio, vedolizumab, Date of authorisation: 22/05/2014, Revision: 34, Status: Authorised
原文摘录：Entyvio RSS Authorised This medicine is authorised for use in the European Union vedolizumab Medicine Human Authorised Application under evaluation CHMP opinion European Commission decision Overview Entyvio is a medicine used to treat adult patients with … 73 KB - PDF) First published: 21/03/2014 Last updated: 21/03/2014 View News on Entyvio Meeting highlights from the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) 13-16 December 2021 17/12/2021 Meeting highlights from the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) 24-27 February 2020 28/02/2020 European Medicines Agency recommends 39 medicines for human use for marketing authorisation in first half of 2014 10/07/2014 Meeting highlights from the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) 17-20 March 2014 21/03/2014 European Medicines Agency recommends approval of a locally targeted treatment for ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease 21/03/2014 More information on Entyvio EMEA-000645-PIP03-18 - paediatric investigation plan EMEA-000645-PIP01-09-M09 - paediatric investigation plan EMEA-000645-PIP04-20-M02 - paediatric investigation plan Vedolizumab-4081: Infection Outcomes among Advanced Therapy-naive Older Adult US Patients With UC/CD Initiating ENTYVIO, TNF-alpha Inhibitors, or Ustekinumab: A Retrospective Observational Matched-Cohort Study Using Medicare Claims Data, 2016-2025 - post-authorisation study Vedolizumab-5001: Organization of Teratology Information Specialists (OTIS) Vedolizumab Pregnancy Exposure Registry - post-authorisation study Vedolizumab-5056: Clinical Effectiveness of Vedolizumab Used in Frames of Drug Program for Crohn’s Disease Treatment in Poland – Prospective, Observational Study Considering Fatigue and Other Patient-reported-outcomes (PROs) (POLONEZ II) - post-authorisation study Comparative Effectiveness of Tofacitinib Versus Ustekinumab and Vedolizumab among Ulcerative Colitis Patients With Prior Anti- Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) Failure - post-authorisation study Topics Medicines This page was last updated on 06/11/2026
PubMed · American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 膜片钳直接记录证实伤寒沙门菌含菌空泡膜上存在TRPML2依赖的阳离子电导（体外研究）
研究以伤寒沙门菌感染THP-1细胞为模型，首次对含病原体空泡（SCV）膜直接进行膜片钳记录。野生型细胞SCV在负电位下呈现强内向电流，在TRPML2敲除细胞中减弱并可被TRPML2激动剂增强，且显示TRPML2依赖的Mg²⁺和Ca²⁺电导；PI3P可减缓电流衰减。该体外电生理研究为宿主-病原体界面离子通道功能研究建立了平台，未涉及患者结局。
PubMed · Clinical Microbiology Reviews 综述：新型β-内酰胺类及β-内酰胺/β-内酰胺酶抑制剂复方对抗碳青霉烯酶产酶肠杆菌目（CPE）的微生物学进展
Clinical Microbiology Reviews发表综述，系统梳理针对碳青霉烯酶产酶肠杆菌目（CPE，涉及KPC、OXA-48-like、NDM、VIM、IMP等A、B、D类酶）的新型β-内酰胺类及β-内酰胺/β-内酰胺酶抑制剂复方。内容涵盖头孢地尔及含青霉烷砜、重氮双环辛烷和环状硼酸类抑制剂复方的结构与机制特征、体外抗菌活性及新发耐药机制，以指导临床定位和新药开发。
PubMed · Journal of Economic Entomology 综述：新大陆螺旋蝇Cochliomyia hominivorax基因组学对既往、当前与未来防控策略的启示
这是一篇关于新大陆螺旋蝇Cochliomyia hominivorax基因组学研究的综述。该虫幼虫为专性寄生，危害美洲畜禽、野生动物及偶发人类，曾经不育昆虫技术（SIT）从北美和中美根除，但2023年起重新入侵。完整基因组已更新至第二版，遗传工程性别分离品系正在开发，基因驱动处于早期阶段，基因组学进展可为下一代防控方案提供基础。
PubMed · PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 感染病学：Plant potassium channel β-subunits confer antiviral defense via disrupting potyviral 6K2-mediated vesicle maturation and trafficking.
原文摘录：Potyviruses constitute the largest known group of plant RNA viruses. Their 6K2 protein is an integral membrane protein that induces the formation of vesicular structures, which support viral RNA replication and act as vehicles for intracellular movement.
PubMed · International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 感染病学：Valorization of pomegranate peel into active packaging films: Pectin/gelatin matrices empowered by residue-derived carbon dots for blueberry shelf-life extension.
原文摘录：The increasing demand for sustainable food packaging technologies has stimulated the development of biomass-derived active materials capable of simultaneously reducing agricultural waste and extending food shelf life.
PubMed · Cell Reports Cell Reports发表临床前研究：编码嵌合与马赛克血凝素的自扩增mRNA疫苗对系统发育多样的甲型流感病毒产生广谱免疫
临床前研究显示，编码嵌合（cHA）与马赛克（mHA）血凝素的自扩增mRNA（samRNA）疫苗经初免-加强免疫后，组1疫苗（cH8/1-cH5/1）诱导广谱交叉反应抗体，对覆盖数十年抗原漂移的多种H1N1株完全保护；组2疫苗（cH4/3-cH15/3、mH10/3-mH14/3）对多种H3N2株及异亚型H7N9攻击提供类似广度，cHA samRNA跨组保护更优。
PubMed · Genome Research 多模态深度学习框架 DeepEST 预测细菌蛋白功能并在25物种基准上优于既有方法
研究者开发多模态深度学习框架 DeepEST（Deep Expression STructure），整合基因表达、基因位置与预测蛋白结构和氨基酸序列，为细菌蛋白分配 Gene Ontology（GO）功能注释。
PubMed · PLoS neglected tropical diseases 美国佛罗里达州汉森病（麻风）1996–2025年流行趋势分析：年发病率从0.01升至0.15/10万，30年增长15倍
研究者利用公开数据分析美国佛罗里达州1996–2025年汉森病（麻风）流行趋势，期间共报告359例确诊病例，年发病率从0.01/10万升至0.15/10万，增长15倍。2023年美国共报告225例新病例，佛州为主要报告州之一；Brevard县以113例成为确诊病例热点，在已知感染来源的病例中本地获得性感染占比最大。
PubMed · PLoS neglected tropical diseases 观点文章：麻风多药物治疗不能消除眼部残疾风险，呼吁建立治疗中评估与风险分层随访衔接路径
观点文章指出，麻风联合化疗（MDT）虽可实现微生物学治愈，但不能逆转已建立的神经损伤，也不能消除未来眼部并发症风险；兔眼、角膜感觉减退、暴露性角膜病变、葡萄膜炎等可在诊断时、治疗中或治疗结束后长期出现。作者建议将治疗中眼部评估与治疗完成后的风险分层随访、明确转诊责任、支持性自我照护及视力结局常规记录相衔接，并整合入现有麻风、初级保健和眼科服务体系。
PubMed · Chemosphere 感染病学：Synergizing visible-light photocatalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin and ex-situ hydrovoltaic self-monitoring via interfacial dipole engineering in a ZnPP-nanoconfined TiO2 architecture.
原文摘录：Dye-sensitized photocatalysis and electrokinetic streaming sensing are traditionally optimized as separate problems, yet both depend on the same solid-liquid interfacial charge distribution.
PubMed · International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 感染病学：Template-dependent RNA polyadenylation by SARS-CoV-2 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase.
原文摘录：The RNA genome of the human Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its mRNAs contain a poly(A) tract at the 3' end of the positive strand that is essential for their replication, translation and stability.
PubMed · PLoS neglected tropical diseases 伊朗布鲁氏菌病控制的One Health指标化政策与执行差距分析：一项范围综述
该范围综述结合指标化政策与执行差距分析，评估伊朗60余年布鲁氏菌病控制计划。
PubMed · Infection and Immunity 感染病学：Recombinant outer-membrane vesicles (OMVs) from Salmonella Enteritidis as multivalent candidate vaccines for enteric fevers and invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella infections.
原文摘录：Invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella (iNTS) infections, typhoid, and paratyphoid fever are major global health burdens, particularly considering increasing antimicrobial resistance.
PubMed · Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 伊维菌素对鲤鱼（Cyprinus carpio）的生物安全性与HSP70基因表达影响的动物实验研究
一项动物实验研究评估了伊维菌素（IVM）在鲤鱼中的生物安全性，测得口服LD50为8.91±3.46 mg/kg体重。单次灌服0–5.11 mg/kg共6组观察21天，RBC、WBC、Hb、PCV、肝酶、NBT活性、血清溶菌酶和HSP70表达呈剂量依赖性应激变化，≥2.55 mg/kg应激明显，0.54 mg/kg与对照组相当，定为NOAEL，1.00 mg/kg为LOAEL。
PubMed · PLoS Pathogens 黄热病病毒感染诱导组分独特的应激颗粒组装：机制研究显示其与线粒体损伤相关
体外研究显示，黄热病病毒（YFV）17D疫苗株与Asibi致病株感染后48小时出现翻译 shut-off 和应激颗粒（SG）形成，晚于24小时已出现的感染，可能与衣壳蛋白通过结合G3BP1抑制SG形成有关。
PubMed · Pediatric Research 体外研究：BD BACTEC Peds Plus/F 儿童血培养系统对低浓度新生儿败血症常见病原体的检出与阳性时间评估
体外研究将大肠杆菌、无乳链球菌等6种新生儿败血症常见病原体配制成≤1至10-20 CFU/mL的低浓度悬液，接种0.25-2.0 mL至BD BACTEC Peds Plus/F瓶中评估检出率与阳性时间（TTP）。
PubMed · Molecular Biology and Evolution 感染病学：Simpler is not always better: Phylodynamic misspecification and deep-learning corrections.
原文摘录：Phylodynamics bridges the gap between epidemiology and pathogen genetic data. The birth-death (BD) model and its extensions serve to infer the average number of secondary infections Re and the infection duration d from time-scaled pathogen phylogenies. … This motivates the use of complex epidemiologically realistic estimators, whose design has recently become possible thanks to deep learning
PubMed · Infection and Immunity 感染病学：Molecular determinants of Kingella kingae translocation across polarized respiratory epithelium.
原文摘录：Kingella kingae is the leading cause of osteoarticular infections in children under 36 months of age. The pathogenesis of K. kingae disease begins with colonization of the oropharynx followed by translocation across the respiratory epithelium, entry into
PubMed · Biochemical Pharmacology 感染病学：Probenecid promotes relaxation and potentiates the effects of cyclic nucleotide-elevating agents in the pig detrusor.
原文摘录：Probenecid is a uricosuric agent also used as an antibiotic adjuvant. It inhibits, organic acid transporters (OATs), multidrug resistance-associated proteins (MRPs) and pannexin-1 (Panx-1) channels and activates transient receptor potential vanilloid 2. … These findings support further investigation of probenecid, alone or combined with clinically approved agents such as tadalafil or cilostazol, as a potential therapeutic approach for overactive bladder dysfunction
PubMed · Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 主动脉瓣感染性心内膜炎主动脉根部脓肿单中心回顾研究：脓肿与不良预后相关，补片修复较扩大手术结局更佳
一项2019–2024年单中心回顾性研究纳入158例手术治疗的主动脉瓣感染性心内膜炎患者（57%合并主动脉根部脓肿），中位随访1.22年。根部脓肿与MACCE（校正HR 3.15, 95%CI 1.51–6.59, p=0.002）及心衰再住院（SHR 4.54, 1.55–13.30, p=0.006）增加相关。
PubMed · The Lancet Infectious Diseases Ganaplacide联合lumefantrine固体分散体治疗儿童非复杂性恶性疟的KALUMI开放标签多中心随机对照II期非劣效试验
一项在布基纳法索、马里、科特迪瓦、加蓬和刚果（金）十家机构开展的开放标签、多中心、随机、适应性、II期非劣效试验（NCT04546633，已完成），评估ganaplacide 400 mg联合lumefantrine固体分散体治疗非复杂性恶性疟儿童（6个月至<18岁）的食物效应与非劣效性，对照artemether-lumefantrine。
PubMed · Emerging infectious diseases 美国CDC分析2024年5月至2025年1月Oropouche病毒病104例特征并提出临床检测标准
美国CDC为应对2024–2025年美洲Oropouche病毒疫情，评估了美国104例Oropouche病毒病患者特征并与266例检测阴性者比较症状组合的灵敏度与特异度。病例中发热占94%、头痛83%、肌痛78%，报告≥5种症状者65例；≥2种症状组合灵敏度99%但特异度仅7.5%，纳入旅行史后特异度升至61%。提示临床检测标准可根据监测目标调整。
PubMed · Journal of Bacteriology 感染病学：msDNA: the story of a unique satellite DNA molecule in bacteria.
原文摘录：msDNA, or multi-copy single-stranded DNA, is a small satellite DNA observed in DNA extracts from a bacterial cell. A genetic element, usually found on the chromosome, called a retron, is responsible for producing msDNA.
PubMed · Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 光触发一管式ERA/CRISPR-Cas12a平台用于肺炎支原体双模态检测的研究发表
研究团队报告一种光触发一管式ERA/CRISPR-Cas12a平台，采用光裂解连接子修饰的封闭链，在短暂UV照射后释放功能性crRNA，实现密封管内按需激活，用于肺炎支原体（Mycoplasma pneumoniae）核酸检测。
PubMed · Journal of Applied Microbiology 感染病学：A microfluidic model of bacterial keratitis to quantify the efficacy of anti-infective compounds under flow.
原文摘录：AIMS: Bacterial infections of the cornea, also known as bacterial keratitis, are a major cause of blindness. The corneal surface is protected against infection by the flow of tear fluid, which displaces potential pathogens and debris. … These findings, obtained using two widely studied model strains, illustrate how microfluidic models of infection can offer valuable insights into how flow influences bacterial keratitis and guide the development of new treatments
PubMed · Journal of Clinical Investigation 母胎界面蜕膜效应样记忆CD8+ T细胞经CX3CL1-CX3CR1轴介导局部抗菌防御且不破坏胎儿耐受的研究
一项发表于 Journal of Clinical Investigation 的人与小鼠机制研究（PMID: 42986696）识别出人CD45RA+、鼠CX3CR1+的蜕膜富集效应样记忆CD8+ T细胞亚群，其募集依赖CX3CL1主导的趋化因子微环境。
PubMed · Blood精选 感染病学：The Pathogen Recognition Receptor RIG-I is Functional in Platelets and Limits Thrombotic Responses.
原文摘录：Influenza is associated with increased thrombotic risk, and its viral RNA (vRNA) can be sensed by pattern-recognition receptor RIG-I, but the function of RIG-I in platelets remains unknown. … Our study is the first to demonstrate that platelets have a functionally active vRNA-sensing RIG-I receptor that finely tunes thrombotic risk and facilitates appropriate leukocyte transmigration during infection, through non-classical platelet activation
关注理由：这篇感染病学资料可用于了解领域进展，研究设计、结果和局限性值得一起阅读。
PubMed · Nature Reviews Microbiology 感染病学：The contextual pathogenicity of Porphyromonas gingivalis.
原文摘录：Porphyromonas gingivalis has long been recognized as a keystone pathogen associated with periodontal diseases and has more recently been implicated in systemic comorbidities beyond the oral cavity. However, amongst the oral microbiota, P. … gingivalis and its impact on host homeostasis and immune function
PubMed · Lab on a Chip 物联网化纸/聚合物混合微流控装置快速检测食品中空肠弯曲菌的研究
研究者开发一种集成重组酶聚合酶扩增（RPA）、CRISPR/Cas12a 序列识别与侧流层析读出的物联网化纸/PDMS 混合微流控装置，用于食品中空肠弯曲菌（Campylobacter jejuni）快速检测，装置检出限为 5800 CFU mL⁻¹。
PubMed · Critical Care Medicine精选 感染病学：Long-Term Mortality in Sepsis Survivors: A Population-Based Study During 15 Years.
原文摘录：OBJECTIVES: To evaluate long-term mortality among sepsis survivors in Catalonia over a 15-year period and to identify factors associated with increased mortality within 2 years after hospital discharge. DESIGN: Retrospective population-based cohort study.
关注理由：这篇感染病学队列研究资料适合了解长期变化，研究对象、随访方式和结局指标建议一起查看。
PubMed · The Lancet Infectious Diseases 病例报告：特立妥单抗（teclistamab）治疗骨髓瘤患者发生淋巴细胞脉络丛脑膜炎病毒脑膜脑炎，联合抗病毒治疗改善
《The Lancet Infectious Diseases》报道英国一例复发多发性骨髓瘤患者在接受双特异性抗体teclistamab治疗后发生淋巴细胞脉络丛脑膜炎病毒（LCMV）脑膜脑炎，经脑脊液宏基因组二代测序确诊，并有家养啮齿类动物接触史。
中国疾控中心 · 流感监测周报 中国疾控中心发布2026年第44周（第933期）流感监测周报：北方省份阳性率上升，甲型占阳性样本65.4%
中国疾控中心发布截至2026年11月1日的第44周流感监测周报：南方省份流感病毒检测阳性率略降、北方上升，阳性样本中甲型占65.4%、乙型占34.6%，全国共报告106起流感样病例暴发疫情。
PubMed · Science Translational Medicine VRC01抗体预防HIV-1感染随访至104周：敏感毒株获保护后出现耐药突破感染
研究团队分析AMP两项平行试验至104周最终访视的HIV-1获得情况：静脉输注广谱中和抗体VRC01后，对VRC01高度敏感（IC80<阈限）的病毒感染被阻断，而随着体内VRC01浓度下降，在药物选择压力下 evolved 出更强耐药性的病毒以可检出的突破感染出现（VRC01组11例对安慰剂组1例）。结果提示单株抗体只能阻断敏感株，预防病毒逃逸与突破感染可能需要多种抗体联合。
PubMed · The Analyst 细菌印迹聚合物联合共价有机框架纳米探针构建全合成电化学传感器，实现大肠杆菌O157:H7血清型选择性检测
研究者开发了一种全合成夹心型电化学传感器，结合细菌印迹聚合物（BIP）捕获界面与COF-Au-MB-MPBA纳米探针，用于大肠杆菌O157:H7的血清型选择性检测。