美国心脏协会科学年会展出三项研究：卒中后及2型糖尿病人群降血压治疗在研究与实践中的挑战
三项研究周六在美国心脏协会芝加哥科学年会上展出，探讨卒中及2型糖尿病人群的降压策略。其中一项小型但人群多样的试验测试卒中后使用一种常用利尿剂，另一项研究强化治疗以达成低于标准的卒中后血压目标，第三项探索2型糖尿病患者更积极的降压。文中指出高血压升高这些人群严重心血管事件风险、治疗需跨专科协作，新闻稿未给出具体结果数据。
#神经内科
STAT · 医学与生命科学新闻
ClinicalTrials.gov API v2 · 登记更新 BrainGate2：失语人群皮质内神经接口系统可行性研究（BG-Aphasia-01，NCT07791459）在 ClinicalTrials.gov 登记
责任方 Leigh R. Hochberg, MD, PhD 在 ClinicalTrials.gov 登记 BrainGate2 皮质内神经接口系统用于失语人群的可行性研究（BG-Aphasia-01，NCT07791459）。研究目的为获得初步器械安全性信息，并以尝试说话的方式验证失语者在计算机屏幕上生成文字及可听见的计算机生成语音的原理可行性。本次为登记摘要，未提供招募状态、分期或结果数据。
The Lancet · Online 神经内科：[Clinical Rounds] Vertigo, multifocal brain lesions, and a diagnostic clue on the skin
原文摘录：A woman aged 35 years was evaluated for a 1-year history of recurrent, brief (approximately 15 min) episodes of non-positional vertigo described as a spinning sensation. … Neurological and vestibular examinations, including audiometry and the Dix–Hallpike manoeuvre, were normal between episodes
EMA · What's New 神经内科：Human medicines European public assessment report (EPAR): Aldurazyme, laronidase, Date of authorisation: 09/06/2003, Revision: 28, Status: Authorised
原文摘录：Aldurazyme RSS Authorised This medicine is authorised for use in the European Union laronidase Medicine Human Authorised Application under evaluation CHMP opinion European Commission decision Overview This is a summary of the European public assessment re … This page was last updated on 06/11/2026
EMA · What's New 神经内科：Human medicines European public assessment report (EPAR): Lacosamide Accord, lacosamide, Date of authorisation: 18/09/2017, Revision: 14, Status: Authorised
原文摘录：Lacosamide Accord RSS Authorised This medicine is authorised for use in the European Union lacosamide Medicine Human Authorised Application under evaluation CHMP opinion European Commission decision Overview This is a summary of the European public assess … 56 KB - DOCX) First published: 28/05/2025 View This page was last updated on 06/11/2026
PubMed · Neurology 神经内科：Overlooked Writings of Sir William Gowers on Neurology in General Practice, Shorthand, and Education.
原文摘录：Sir William Richard Gowers (1845-1915), long hailed as the "Father of Clinical Neurology," has been the subject of 2 biographies and many essays relating to his contributions to the study of nervous disorders. … Recovered only through primary source research, these writings broaden our understanding of Gowers' intellectual range, showing him not only as a pioneering specialist in the study of nervous disorders but also as a physician engaged with general medicine and educational reform
PubMed · Journal of neurosurgery 52名日本职业摔跤手MRI研究提示反复轻度脑外伤相关的外侧中脑病变（OML）随职业年限进展
日本研究团队报告52名男性职业摔跤手2022年脑部MRI横断面研究，23.1%（12人）检出直径≥2mm的外侧中脑被盖病变（OML），对照组91名脊髓损伤或中枢性卒中后疼痛患者中未检出。
PubMed · PLoS ONE 神经内科：Stroke disability burden and rehabilitation service-capacity proxies in China, 1990-2023: A population-based analysis using GBD 2023 and national service statistics.
原文摘录：China's stroke burden is increasingly shaped by survival with disability, population ageing, and demand for rehabilitation and long-term support. … The burden-to-capacity proxy indicators provide planning context but do not direc
ClinicalTrials.gov API v2 · 登记更新 神经内科：Case-Specific Health Care Professional Clinical Survey of Liberant™ Thrombectomy System
原文摘录：The purpose of Case-Specific Health Care Professional (HCP) Clinical Survey of Liberant™ Thrombectomy System, also known as the Liberant Clinical Assessment, is to collect first-in-human clinical data to confirm the safety and performance of the Medtronic
PubMed · Stroke 神经内科：How Stroke Genetics Is Impacting Clinical Care: Now and the Future.
原文摘录：The past decade has seen a transformation in our understanding of the genetics of stroke. However, a commonly asked question is how do these advances impact the practicing clinician now, and what are their implications for clinical care in the future?
PubMed · Brain 神经内科：Network disruption in post-stroke depressive symptoms: a Bayesian multicohort study.
原文摘录：Post-stroke depressive symptoms are common, but studies on the contributions of lesion locations to depression symptoms remain inconsistent. … Depressive symptoms were most strongly associated with right frontal lesions and right-dominant structural disconnection in frontal cortico-subcortical circuits
PubMed · The Journal of Physiology 患者来源抗GluN1单克隆抗体对NMDA受体表现出表位依赖的急性抑制或增强作用
一项发表于The Journal of Physiology的膜片钳研究检测了两种抗NMDAR脑炎患者来源单克隆IgG抗体对转染GluN1-3a与GluN2A亚基细胞的急性作用。
PubMed · ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 脱细胞羊膜-骨髓间充质干细胞复合物改善小鼠角膜碱烧伤修复的机制研究
研究者构建脱细胞羊膜复合骨髓来源间充质干细胞（BMSC）的组织工程支架，在小鼠角膜碱烧伤模型中评估其疗效。与单纯羊膜移植或结膜下BMSC注射相比，该复合物更有效减轻角膜混浊与新血管形成、恢复上皮完整性，并降低活性氧和丙二醛水平、恢复线粒体氧化磷酸化（Seahorse检测，伤后14天效果更明显）。
PubMed · Intensive Care Medicine 急性脑损伤重症患者通气试验核心结局集国际Delphi共识研究发表
研究人员针对急性脑损伤（ABI）重症患者机械通气撤离试验结局异质性问题，按COS-STAD/COS-STAD标准开展4轮国际Delphi研究，来自31个国家的多学科小组参与评分。
PubMed · Journal of Clinical Investigation 研究提示细胞衰老是面肩肱型肌营养不良症（FSHD）的关键病理机制，拉米夫定在小鼠模型中改善相关病变
研究团队在患者肌肉转录组与FSHD小鼠模型中识别细胞衰老及衰老相关分泌表型（SASP）为早期核心机制，相关信号在MRI未见炎症的肌肉中已可检测，成纤维脂肪祖细胞和巨噬细胞为主要衰老细胞群。在FSHD小鼠模型中，逆转录酶抑制剂拉米夫定（lamivudine, 3TC）显著减少衰老、炎症和纤维化并促进肌肉再生，作者提出衰老干预策略值得临床研究。该治疗证据来自动物模型阶段，尚未经临床验证。
PubMed · The Journal of Infectious Diseases 神经内科：Biological Sex as a Determinant of Neurological Outcomes During Zika Virus Infection.
原文摘录：Biological sex is a significant determinant of host responses and disease outcomes during viral infection. Although males often exhibit more robust pathological inflammatory responses, the implications for immune responses within the central nervous syste
PubMed · Acta Neuropathologica Acta Neuropathologica发表研究：脑膜瘤CALB1表达与无进展生存期缩短及染色体6q臂缺失相关
一项发表于Acta Neuropathologica的回顾性研究分析了147例患者的231个脑膜瘤TMA组织芯片及110例原发脑膜瘤独立分子队列。
PubMed · Movement Disorders 皮肤α-突触核蛋白种子扩增 assay（αSyn-SAA）研究显示可区分多系统萎缩与帕金森病
一项盲法横断面研究分析了117名参与者（42例PD、31例MSA、30例对照、14例PSP）的308份皮肤活检，采用标准化硫黄素T荧光αSyn-SAA检测病理α-突触核蛋白。
PubMed · Epilepsia 隐源性新发难治性癫痫持续状态（cNORSE）患者血清和脑脊液细胞因子纵向动态与免疫治疗暴露的关联研究发表于 Epilepsia
一项发表于 Epilepsia 的观察性研究分析29例 cNORSE 患者的94份血清和14例患者的42份脑脊液样本，并用纳入27项研究、63例患者的系统文献综述佐证。
PubMed · Movement Disorders 帕金森病区域线粒体密度与选择性后部皮层萎缩的影像学研究
一项发表于Movement Disorders的影像学研究分析了849人（210名健康对照、639名帕金森病患者）的结构MRI，发现后部皮层萎缩轴（PC3）与区域线粒体密度正相关，在LRRK2突变帕金森病中表达更强，并选择性关联视空间功能障碍。
PubMed · The Lancet Infectious Diseases 病例报告：特立妥单抗（teclistamab）治疗骨髓瘤患者发生淋巴细胞脉络丛脑膜炎病毒脑膜脑炎，联合抗病毒治疗改善
《The Lancet Infectious Diseases》报道英国一例复发多发性骨髓瘤患者在接受双特异性抗体teclistamab治疗后发生淋巴细胞脉络丛脑膜炎病毒（LCMV）脑膜脑炎，经脑脊液宏基因组二代测序确诊，并有家养啮齿类动物接触史。
PubMed · Neurosurgery TRACK-TBI 回顾性队列研究：第1天血 GFAP 与创伤性颅内高压相关，UCH-L1 未显示关联
基于 TRACK-TBI 数据集的回顾性队列研究纳入229例≥17岁、行有创颅内压（ICP）监测且入院未行去骨瓣减压术的颅脑创伤患者，分析住院第1天血 GFAP 与 UCH-L1 浓度与 ICP 及治疗强度水平（TIL）的关系。
PubMed · Neurosurgery Neurosurgery发表回顾性队列研究：大核心缺血性卒中取栓患者选择中年龄、NIHSS与发病时间的分层分析
一项单中心前瞻性维护数据库回顾分析（2021–2025年，1458例取栓中80例ASPECTS≤5的大核心急性缺血性卒中）显示，90天功能独立（mRS 0–2）率10%、独立行走（mRS 0–3）率30%、死亡率34%，症状性颅内出血率6.3%。
New England Journal of Medicine · Current Issue 神经内科：Intravenous Thrombolysis for Acute Ischemic Stroke — New Directions
原文摘录：New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 395, Issue 18, Page 1841-1847, November 5, 2026.
PubMed · SLEEP 发作性睡病1型患者夜间REM睡眠起始标记的重测稳定性不佳
一项发表于SLEEP的观察性研究纳入227例未治疗的发作性睡病1型（NT1）儿童和成人，每位患者接受两次夜间多导睡眠图检查。结果显示nSOREMP在两次检查均出现者仅占41.8%，重测一致性差（κ=0.26，95% CI 0.14-0.39）；nDREM同样稳定性差。研究者认为其与年龄、MSLT结果和下丘脑分泌素水平相关提示REM调节的变异性，并提出两次PSG均未见nSOREMP也不应排除NT1。
PubMed · Neuron 神经内科：P2RX7 drives inflammatory microglia and pathogenic extracellular vesicle secretion in tauopathy.
原文摘录：P2X purinoreceptor 7 (P2RX7), an ATP-gated ion channel, contributes to Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression, but its molecular mechanisms remain unclear. … Thus, P2RX7 regulates the FRM branch point, driving inflammatory microglial transition and EV-mediated spread of tau and toxic mitochondrial molecules and highlighting the P2RX7-EV axis as a therapeutic target in AD
PubMed · Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 瑞士研究建立脊髓损伤人群与普通人群直接可比的功能指标并量化差异
瑞士 researchers 结合SwiSCI队列与Swiss Health Survey（SHS）数据，基于ICF类别链接与Partial Credit Model开发统一的0–100功能指标，用于脊髓损伤或疾病（SCI/D）人群与普通人群直接比较。
PubMed · Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 系统综述与网状Meta分析：神经刺激或技术增强机器人辅助训练对卒中后上肢运动恢复的比较
一项网状Meta分析纳入103项随机试验（5,251名参与者），比较机器人辅助训练（RAT）单独与神经刺激或技术增强RAT对卒中后上肢恢复的效果，检索截至2026年8月1日。
PubMed · Stroke 神经内科：Motor Response Variability Reflects Recovery Potential After Stroke: A Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Study.
原文摘录：BACKGROUND: Stroke recovery is highly heterogeneous, and predictive neurophysiological markers of motor outcome are still needed. … CONCLUSIONS: These findings reveal a dissociation between MEP amplitude and variability, suggesting that
WHO · Disease Outbreak News OData精选 神经内科：Shamonda virus in human - France
原文摘录：See all DONs related to this event Situation at a glance On 20 October 2026, the National IHR Focal Point (NFP) of France notified WHO regarding the first documented human infection with Shamonda virus (SHAV). … item/2026-DON623
关注理由：这篇神经内科资料可用于了解领域进展，研究设计、结果和局限性值得一起阅读。
PubMed · Critical Care TTM与TTM2试验二次分析：院外心脏骤停后33°C低温与常温的疗效按缺血负荷与神经学状态未见异质性
该研究对TTM与TTM2两项随机试验共2789例院外心脏骤停成人患者进行二次分析，采用因果森林与BART等效应导向机器学习方法，评估33°C低温与常温（36.0–37.7°C）对六个月全因死亡率和不良功能结局（mRS 4–6）的影响是否因缺血负荷相关因素及入院时神经学表现而异。
PubMed · Journal of Bone and Mineral Research VBP15-002/003/LTE 30个月研究：vamorolone与prednisone、deflazacort治疗Duchenne肌营养不良男孩的肌肉功能、生长与骨骼健康比较
研究者比较v amorolone、prednisone与deflazacort治疗4至<7岁初治Duchenne肌营养不良男孩的30个月非随机开放标签IIa期数据（NCT02760264/NCT02760277/NCT03038399）。
PubMed · Cancer Cell 临床前研究：血小板PAR4信号以性别特异方式调控胶质母细胞瘤抗肿瘤免疫
一项发表于Cancer Cell的研究（PMID 42956742）发现，PAR4介导的血小板反应性增高参与胶质母细胞瘤（GBM）抗肿瘤免疫的性别差异。在小鼠模型中，药物或基因抑制PAR4仅在雌性中延长生存，且该作用依赖雌激素，通过肿瘤微环境中CD8+T细胞浸润与功能增强介导，并与雌激素受体β（ERβ）信号相关。结果来自动物模型，PAR4作为治疗靶点尚需临床验证。
PubMed · Neuroreport 神经内科：Lycopene protects against early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage via suppressing endoplasmic reticulum stress.
原文摘录：OBJECTIVES: Neuroinflammation is closely associated with the poor prognosis of patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Lycopene (Lyc), a naturally occurring carotenoid, possesses multiple pharmacological effects, especially its neuroprotective functi
medRxiv · 独立预印本精选 神经内科：Clinical Significance and Distribution of Cerebrospinal Fluid Type IV Oligoclonal Band Pattern in Neurological Disorders: A Retrospective Analysis
原文摘录：Background and ObjectivesTo characterize the clinical features and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) findings of patients exhibiting a type IV oligoclonal band (OCB) pattern, defined by the presence of identical IgG bands in both CSF and serum. … These findings support cautious interpretation of the type IV pattern in routine clinical practice
关注理由：这条神经内科内容值得查看其研究问题与证据来源，具体结论和适用范围以原文为准。
PubMed · NeuroImage 神经内科：Spectral-spatial modeling of neural couplings in functional connectivity of motor networks.
原文摘录：BACKGROUND: Functional neural connectivity reflects coordinated interactions within brain networks in both health and disease.
PubMed · Neuropharmacology 小白菊内酯通过激活GSK3β-抑制CREB信号下调transgelin-2抑制胶质母细胞瘤恶性进展的机制研究
一项体外与动物研究显示，从药用植物小白菊提取的倍半萜内酯parthenolide（Pt）可诱导人U-87MG和T98G胶质母细胞瘤细胞凋亡、抑制干性和侵袭，并在雄性NOD-SCID小鼠原位GBM模型中增强替莫唑胺（TMZ）疗效。
PubMed · Virology 神经内科：Neurotropic herpesviruses as accelerators of brain aging: The role of latency and reactivation in neurodegeneration.
原文摘录：Neurotropic herpesviruses establish lifelong latency within the human nervous system. Traditionally viewed as either harmless latent infections or rare causes of acute encephalitis, growing evidence suggests these viruses undergo recurrent, subclinical re
PubMed · Nutrients精选 神经内科：How to Implement a Ketogenic Diet Therapy in Developing Countries: Colombian Consensus on Ketogenic Diet Therapy Use in the Management of Adults with Drug-Resistant Epilepsy.
原文摘录：BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Drug-resistant epilepsy affects up to one-third of patients with epilepsy and is associated with higher morbidity, mortality, trauma events, psychosocial challenges, and decline in quality of life.
关注理由：这条神经内科内容涉及相关临床或研究问题，建议查看原文中的方法与适用范围。
PubMed · Experimental Neurology 联合药物靶向NAD+代谢在Wallerian变性的离体模型中保护中枢与外周轴突（Experimental Neurology 研究）
一项使用坐骨神经和视神经段的Wallerian变性离体模型研究显示，联合NAMPT抑制剂FK866、烟酰胺核糖（NaR）补充及DLK-JNK抑制剂GNE-3511，可在培养7天内显著保存轴突完整性，抑制SARM1 NADase与DLK-JNK激活，效果与正构抑制剂NB-3相近，神经丝稳定方面可能更优。