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11月6日周五
  1. PubMed · Carcinogenesis

    Carcinogenesis(致癌机制)综述:提出以测量为中心的框架刻画“癌症之前”的暴露组生物学状态

    Carcinogenesis 期刊发表一篇综述,提出以测量为中心的框架,用组织生理、纵向生物标志物、遗传与表观遗传信息及内外暴露的定量评估,识别临床可检出癌症之前可能存在的生物学状态,区分短暂生理波动与以幅度、持续时间、可重复性和轨迹为特征的持续偏离。该框架强调这些过程并非癌症特异,不预设恶性进展为决定性,其转化仍需分析与临床验证、因果推断、纵向结局研究及过度诊断评估。

  2. PubMed · Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery

    主动脉瓣感染性心内膜炎主动脉根部脓肿单中心回顾研究:脓肿与不良预后相关,补片修复较扩大手术结局更佳

    一项2019–2024年单中心回顾性研究纳入158例手术治疗的主动脉瓣感染性心内膜炎患者(57%合并主动脉根部脓肿),中位随访1.22年。根部脓肿与MACCE(校正HR 3.15, 95%CI 1.51–6.59, p=0.002)及心衰再住院(SHR 4.54, 1.55–13.30, p=0.006)增加相关。

  3. PubMed · PEDIATRICS

    妇产科学:Facial Dysmorphism in Infants Following Combined Prenatal Exposure to Alcohol and Tobacco.

    原文摘录:OBJECTIVES: Alcohol and smoking have well-established teratogenic effects; however, despite their frequent co-use during pregnancy, the combined impact on fetal development remains less understood. … These findings highlight the importance of interventions targeting alcohol and smoking cessation during pregnancy to reduce teratogenic risk

  4. PubMed · The Lancet Infectious Diseases

    Ganaplacide联合lumefantrine固体分散体治疗儿童非复杂性恶性疟的KALUMI开放标签多中心随机对照II期非劣效试验

    一项在布基纳法索、马里、科特迪瓦、加蓬和刚果(金)十家机构开展的开放标签、多中心、随机、适应性、II期非劣效试验(NCT04546633,已完成),评估ganaplacide 400 mg联合lumefantrine固体分散体治疗非复杂性恶性疟儿童(6个月至<18岁)的食物效应与非劣效性,对照artemether-lumefantrine。

  5. PubMed · JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute

    肿瘤学:The risk of gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma after Helicobacter pylori eradication treatment.

    原文摘录:BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori eradication leads to complete tumor regression in most gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphomas. … CONCLUSION: From six years after Helicobacter pylori eradication treatment, the risk of gastric MALT lymphoma was no longer higher than that of the background population

  6. PubMed · eLife

    体外微孔限制诱导表皮角质形成细胞振荡迁移并形成三区室上皮结构,Piezo1与keratin 6为负向调节因子

    日本研究团队的体外实验显示,皮肤角质形成细胞经3.0 µm微孔迁移时呈振荡式移动并经历EMT,形成膜上复层上皮、孔内EMT状态与膜下新生复层上皮的三区室结构,较大微孔则单向迁移且不能维持该结构。活细胞成像显示富肌动蛋白丝状伪足在孔中伸缩,Piezo1和keratin 6被鉴定为细胞进出微孔的负向调节因子。该非癌上皮模型或有助于重现创伤愈合的关键环节,属临床前体外研究。

  7. PubMed · European Urology

    多中心回顾系列报告下腹前入路单孔机器人腹膜后肾输尿管切除术(LAA-SP RNU)治疗上尿路尿路上皮癌的手术技术、围手术期与早期肿瘤学结果

    五家转诊中心对47例上尿路尿路上皮癌患者行下腹前入路单孔机器人肾输尿管切除术(LAA-SP RNU)的回顾性系列(2024年5月至2025年7月)显示,经单个4 cm腹膜外切口完成切除、膀胱袖状切除及选择性淋巴结清扫。

11月5日周四
  1. PubMed · Brain

    《Brain》发表前瞻性观察队列研究:格林-巴利综合征脑脊液T细胞应答失调及静脉注射免疫球蛋白(IVIg)治疗后演变(单细胞RNA测序联合TCR测序)

    一项前瞻性观察队列研究对未经治疗的格林-巴利综合征(GBS)患者IVIg治疗前后的外周血和脑脊液进行单细胞RNA测序及配对TCR测序,治疗前血和脑脊液样本分别来自9例和8例患者,治疗后分别为6例和3例,并与已发表的 healthy 对照单细胞数据比较。

  2. PubMed · American Journal of Epidemiology

    儿科学:Assessing mediation of sexual orientation disparities in miscarriage by age at pregnancy, gravidity, and use of medically assisted reproduction in four national cohorts.

    原文摘录:Recent research has documented a higher miscarriage risk among sexual minority individuals than heterosexual individuals. These disparities may be partly mediated by age at pregnancy, gravidity, and use of medically assisted reproduction (MAR). … structural factors in sexual orientation disparities in miscarriage

  3. PubMed · Emerging infectious diseases

    美国CDC分析2024年5月至2025年1月Oropouche病毒病104例特征并提出临床检测标准

    美国CDC为应对2024–2025年美洲Oropouche病毒疫情,评估了美国104例Oropouche病毒病患者特征并与266例检测阴性者比较症状组合的灵敏度与特异度。病例中发热占94%、头痛83%、肌痛78%,报告≥5种症状者65例;≥2种症状组合灵敏度99%但特异度仅7.5%,纳入旅行史后特异度升至61%。提示临床检测标准可根据监测目标调整。

  4. PubMed · Transplantation

    消化与肝病:The Impact of the Modified Kidney Donor Profile Index on the Nonuse of Kidneys From Donors With Hepatitis C.

    原文摘录:BACKGROUND: Donor hepatitis C virus (HCV) status was removed from the Kidney Donor Profile Index (KDPI) in October 2024 to better align the score with contemporary outcomes. … CONCLUSIONS: Removal of HCV from the KDPI equation has improved utilization of NAT - /Ab + kidneys, whereas NAT + kidneys continued to experience excess nonuse despite rising candidate willingness to accept HCV-exposed kidneys

  5. PubMed · Nature Protocols

    Nature Protocols发表Persephone流程:人全身体代谢模型(WBM)与群体微生物组模型的个性化与分析方法

    发表于Nature Protocols的Persephone是用于人全身体代谢模型(WBM)个性化与评估的计算流程,属方法方案,可从原始测序数据构建群体微生物组模型、利用生理与代谢组数据生成个性化WBM并将其合并,还可按用户定义反应优化模型并进行统计与可视化。基于100个宏基因组样本,在单台计算机上运行需数天至一周,未涉及临床结局验证。

  6. PubMed · Current Biology

    斑马鱼研究显示中枢神经系统5-羟色胺信号对脊柱形态发生必不可少

    斑马鱼动物模型研究显示,tph2突变导致5-羟色胺(5HT)缺失,幼鱼在受精后21天出现进行性三维脊柱侧弯,矢状面与冠状面畸形随年龄加重且无椎体结构异常,类似青少年特发性脊柱侧凸(AIS)。脊髓内5羟色胺能神经元逐渐耗竭,加上下中脑核脊髓上投射消失,使21 dpf时脊髓5HT来源完全丧失,而Reissner纤维完整。结果提示脊髓5HT信号在胚胎后发育期的脊柱对齐中起关键作用。

  7. PubMed · Movement Disorders

    脊髓小脑性共济失调3型感觉神经元早期广泛变性:40例携带者神经超声与电生理研究发表于Movement Disorders

    一项纳入40例SCA3突变携带者(含10例前症状期个体)的多模态横断面研究,结合临床评估、高分辨率神经超声和电生理检查量化周围感觉神经系统变性。97%共济失调期和50%前症状期个体存在至少一条神经的感觉轴突丢失,上肢神经受累多于腓肠神经,提示非长度依赖性损害,且感觉轴突丢失程度与共济失调严重度、估计病程及日常生活活动能力相关。结果提示背根神经节早期受累,其生物标志物潜力尚需纵向研究验证。

  8. PubMed · Journal of Clinical Investigation

    研究提示细胞衰老是面肩肱型肌营养不良症(FSHD)的关键病理机制,拉米夫定在小鼠模型中改善相关病变

    研究团队在患者肌肉转录组与FSHD小鼠模型中识别细胞衰老及衰老相关分泌表型(SASP)为早期核心机制,相关信号在MRI未见炎症的肌肉中已可检测,成纤维脂肪祖细胞和巨噬细胞为主要衰老细胞群。在FSHD小鼠模型中,逆转录酶抑制剂拉米夫定(lamivudine, 3TC)显著减少衰老、炎症和纤维化并促进肌肉再生,作者提出衰老干预策略值得临床研究。该治疗证据来自动物模型阶段,尚未经临床验证。

  9. PubMed · Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy

    精神医学:Propranolol disrupts fear-induced persistent cocaine place preference and unmasks an aversion component.

    原文摘录:Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and cocaine use disorder frequently co-occur, but how traumatic memories influence drug-associated behavior during drug withdrawal is unclear. … Our findings identify fear memory reactivations as an active regulator of drug-associated motivational states during withdrawal, with a noradrenergic mechanism as a proximal mediator, suggesting that β-adrenergic blockade combined with exposure-based extinction may benefit comorbid PTSD and cocaine use disorder

  10. PubMed · World Journal of Surgery

    胃电刺激预防腹部大手术后肠麻痹(STIMULATE):单中心随机盲法可行性研究

    丹麦奥胡斯大学医院开展单中心随机盲法可行性研究,评估腹膜细胞减灭术联合腹腔热灌注化疗患者术中胃部直接电刺激预防术后肠麻痹(POI)的安全性与可行性。20例随机分组,19例纳入分析,干预组完成率8/10、对照组9/10,治疗耐受良好,最常见不良事件为腹肌痉挛;结果支持开展进一步临床研究。试验注册号NCT05752071。

  11. PubMed · JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute

    肿瘤学:Treatment-related neutropenia as predictor of response to adjuvant palbociclib in the PALLAS trial (ABCSG-42/AFT-05/BIG-14-13/PrE0109).

    原文摘录:BACKGROUND: Prior analyses of PALLAS (NCT02513394), a phase III trial that randomized patients with stage II-III hormone receptor-positive breast cancer to receive adjuvant palbociclib plus endocrine therapy (ET) or ET alone, did not show benefit of the c … gov, NCT02513394

    关注理由:这条肿瘤学内容涉及随机对照研究,建议同时核对纳入人群、主要终点与报告结果。

  12. PubMed · Journal of Applied Microbiology

    感染病学:A microfluidic model of bacterial keratitis to quantify the efficacy of anti-infective compounds under flow.

    原文摘录:AIMS: Bacterial infections of the cornea, also known as bacterial keratitis, are a major cause of blindness. The corneal surface is protected against infection by the flow of tear fluid, which displaces potential pathogens and debris. … These findings, obtained using two widely studied model strains, illustrate how microfluidic models of infection can offer valuable insights into how flow influences bacterial keratitis and guide the development of new treatments

  13. PubMed · British Journal Of Nutrition

    本地食物数据库联合照片辅助24小时膳食回顾提高哥伦比亚成年人膳食评估准确性:与USDA ASA24比较的横断面研究

    一项在20名哥伦比亚成年人中开展的横断面研究显示,使用富含本地食物的定制数据库(DbF)结合照片辅助24小时回顾,较USDA ASA24(FNDDS 2017-2018)以称重记录为参照的准确性更高:能量和宏量营养素相关系数ρ>0·90。

  14. PubMed · The Journals of Gerontology Series A

    菲律宾女性队列研究:慢性炎症标志物CRP与DNAm-CRP预测多维度老化结局

    研究在菲律宾953名43–75岁随访女性中,以基线血浆C反应蛋白(CRP)和DNA甲基化替代指标DNAm-CRP预测7年后的体能、认知功能与心血管代谢疾病。校正基线状态等协变量后,两项指标均预测体能与功能下降、糖尿病与高血压新增发病及认知表现较差,DNAm-CRP表现与CRP相当,且对白细胞组成和急性感染症状稳健。作者指出慢性炎症与中等偏低收入环境下的多维度老化相关,结果为关联性证据。